Urbit Developers
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      • 1a: Basic Arithmetic
      • 1b: Tree Addressing
      • 1c: Molds and Mold-Builders
      • 2a: Unit Logic
      • 2b: List Logic
      • 2c: Bit Arithmetic
      • 2d: Bit Logic
      • 2e: Insecure Hashing
      • 2f: Noun Ordering
      • 2g: Unsigned Powers
      • 2h: Set Logic
      • 2i: Map Logic
      • 2j: Jar and Jug Logic
      • 2k: Queue Logic
      • 2l: Container from Container
      • 2m: Container from Noun
      • 2n: Functional Hacks
      • 2o: Normalizing Containers
      • 2p: Serialization
      • 2q: Molds and Mold-Builders
      • 3a: Modular and Signed Ints
      • 3b: Floating Point
      • 3c: Urbit Time
      • 3d: SHA Hash Family
      • 3e: AES encryption (Removed)
      • 3f: Scrambling
      • 3g: Molds and Mold-Builders
      • 4a: Exotic Bases
      • 4b: Text Processing
      • 4c: Tank Printer
      • 4d: Parsing (Tracing)
      • 4e: Parsing (Combinators)
      • 4f: Parsing (Rule-Builders)
      • 4g: Parsing (Outside Caller)
      • 4h: Parsing (ASCII Glyphs)
      • 4i: Parsing (Useful Idioms)
      • 4j: Parsing (Bases and Base Digits)
      • 4k: Atom Printing
      • 4l: Atom Parsing
      • 4m: Formatting Functions
      • 4n: Virtualization
      • 4o: Molds
      • 5a: Compiler Utilities
      • 5b: Macro Expansion
      • 5c: Compiler Backend & Prettyprinter
      • 5d: Parser
      • 5e: Molds and mold builders
      • 5f: Profiling support
      • Runes

        • Constants (Atoms and Strings)
        • + lus · Arms
        • | bar · Cores
        • $ buc · Structures
        • % cen · Calls
        • : col · Cells
        • . dot · Nock
        • / fas · Imports
        • ^ ket · Casts
        • ; mic · Make
        • ~ sig · Hints
        • = tis · Subject
        • ? wut · Conditionals
        • ! zap · Wild
        • --, == Terminators
        • Limbs and wings

          • Limbs
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          • Zuse

            • 2d(1-5): To JSON, Wains
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                                              • Agent
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                                                  Urbit Developers
                                                  • Hoon

                                                    • Overview
                                                    • Cheat Sheet
                                                    • Irregular forms
                                                    • Hoon Errors
                                                    • Hoon Style Guide
                                                    • Basic Types
                                                    • Advanced Types
                                                    • Auras
                                                    • Arvo
                                                    • Standard Library

                                                      • 1a: Basic Arithmetic
                                                      • 1b: Tree Addressing
                                                      • 1c: Molds and Mold-Builders
                                                      • 2a: Unit Logic
                                                      • 2b: List Logic
                                                      • 2c: Bit Arithmetic
                                                      • 2d: Bit Logic
                                                      • 2e: Insecure Hashing
                                                      • 2f: Noun Ordering
                                                      • 2g: Unsigned Powers
                                                      • 2h: Set Logic
                                                      • 2i: Map Logic
                                                      • 2j: Jar and Jug Logic
                                                      • 2k: Queue Logic
                                                      • 2l: Container from Container
                                                      • 2m: Container from Noun
                                                      • 2n: Functional Hacks
                                                      • 2o: Normalizing Containers
                                                      • 2p: Serialization
                                                      • 2q: Molds and Mold-Builders
                                                      • 3a: Modular and Signed Ints
                                                      • 3b: Floating Point
                                                      • 3c: Urbit Time
                                                      • 3d: SHA Hash Family
                                                      • 3e: AES encryption (Removed)
                                                      • 3f: Scrambling
                                                      • 3g: Molds and Mold-Builders
                                                      • 4a: Exotic Bases
                                                      • 4b: Text Processing
                                                      • 4c: Tank Printer
                                                      • 4d: Parsing (Tracing)
                                                      • 4e: Parsing (Combinators)
                                                      • 4f: Parsing (Rule-Builders)
                                                      • 4g: Parsing (Outside Caller)
                                                      • 4h: Parsing (ASCII Glyphs)
                                                      • 4i: Parsing (Useful Idioms)
                                                      • 4j: Parsing (Bases and Base Digits)
                                                      • 4k: Atom Printing
                                                      • 4l: Atom Parsing
                                                      • 4m: Formatting Functions
                                                      • 4n: Virtualization
                                                      • 4o: Molds
                                                      • 5a: Compiler Utilities
                                                      • 5b: Macro Expansion
                                                      • 5c: Compiler Backend & Prettyprinter
                                                      • 5d: Parser
                                                      • 5e: Molds and mold builders
                                                      • 5f: Profiling support
                                                      • Runes

                                                        • Constants (Atoms and Strings)
                                                        • + lus · Arms
                                                        • | bar · Cores
                                                        • $ buc · Structures
                                                        • % cen · Calls
                                                        • : col · Cells
                                                        • . dot · Nock
                                                        • / fas · Imports
                                                        • ^ ket · Casts
                                                        • ; mic · Make
                                                        • ~ sig · Hints
                                                        • = tis · Subject
                                                        • ? wut · Conditionals
                                                        • ! zap · Wild
                                                        • --, == Terminators
                                                        • Limbs and wings

                                                          • Limbs
                                                          • Wings
                                                          • Zuse

                                                            • 2d(1-5): To JSON, Wains
                                                            • 2d(6): From JSON
                                                            • 2d(7): From JSON (unit)
                                                            • 2e(2-3): Print & Parse JSON
                                                            • 2m: Ordered Maps
                                                          • Arvo

                                                            • Overview
                                                            • Ames

                                                              • Overview
                                                              • Cryptography
                                                              • API Reference
                                                              • Scry Reference
                                                              • Data Types
                                                              • Behn

                                                                • Overview
                                                                • API Reference
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                                                                • Examples
                                                                • Clay

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                                                                  • Marks

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                                                                  • Dill

                                                                    • Overview
                                                                    • API Reference
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                                                                    • Data Types
                                                                    • Eyre

                                                                      • Overview
                                                                      • External API Reference
                                                                      • Internal API Reference
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                                                                      • Data Types
                                                                      • Guide
                                                                      • Gall

                                                                        • Overview
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                                                                        • Data Types
                                                                        • Iris

                                                                          • Overview
                                                                          • API Reference
                                                                          • Data Types
                                                                          • Example
                                                                          • Jael

                                                                            • Overview
                                                                            • API Reference
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                                                                            • Examples
                                                                            • Khan

                                                                              • Overview
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                                                                              • Example
                                                                              • Threads

                                                                                • Overview
                                                                                • HTTP API
                                                                                • Reference
                                                                                • Strandio
                                                                                • Gall

                                                                                  • Start Thread
                                                                                  • Take Result
                                                                                  • Take Facts
                                                                                  • Stop Thread
                                                                                  • Poke Thread
                                                                                  • Examples

                                                                                    • Fetch JSON
                                                                                    • Child Thread
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                                                                                    • Poke Agent
                                                                                    • Scry
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                                                                                  • Concepts

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                                                                                      • Move Trace
                                                                                      • Reference

                                                                                        • Cryptography
                                                                                        • Filesystem Hierarchy
                                                                                      • Nock

                                                                                        • Nock Definition
                                                                                        • Explanation
                                                                                        • Example
                                                                                        • Implementations
                                                                                        • Vere

                                                                                          • C Runtime System
                                                                                          • Land of Nouns
                                                                                          • API overview by prefix
                                                                                          • C in Urbit
                                                                                          • Writing Jets
                                                                                          • Cryptography
                                                                                          • Azimuth

                                                                                            • Overview
                                                                                            • Urbit HD Wallet
                                                                                            • Azimuth Data Flow
                                                                                            • Azimuth.eth
                                                                                            • Ecliptic.eth
                                                                                            • Advanced Azimuth Tools
                                                                                            • Life and Rift
                                                                                            • Layer 2

                                                                                              • Layer 2 Overview
                                                                                              • Layer 2 Actions
                                                                                              • Transaction Format
                                                                                              • Rollers
                                                                                              • Roller HTTP RPC-API
                                                                                              • Custom Roller Tutorial
                                                                                            • Glossary

                                                                                              • Agent
                                                                                              • Ames
                                                                                              • API
                                                                                              • Aqua
                                                                                              • Arm
                                                                                              • Arvo
                                                                                              • Atom
                                                                                              • Aura
                                                                                              • Aural ASCII
                                                                                              • Azimuth
                                                                                              • Battery
                                                                                              • Behn
                                                                                              • Bowl
                                                                                              • Bridge
                                                                                              • Bunt
                                                                                              • Card
                                                                                              • Case
                                                                                              • Cask
                                                                                              • Cell
                                                                                              • Censures
                                                                                              • Claims
                                                                                              • Clay
                                                                                              • Cold atom
                                                                                              • Comet
                                                                                              • Commit
                                                                                              • Cons
                                                                                              • Context
                                                                                              • Cord
                                                                                              • Core
                                                                                              • Delegated Sending
                                                                                              • Desk
                                                                                              • Dill
                                                                                              • Document Proposal
                                                                                              • Dojo
                                                                                              • Door
                                                                                              • Double-boot
                                                                                              • Dry Gate
                                                                                              • Duct
                                                                                              • Ecliptic
                                                                                              • Entropy
                                                                                              • Event Log
                                                                                              • Eyre
                                                                                              • Face
                                                                                              • Fact
                                                                                              • Foo Bar Baz
                                                                                              • Galaxy
                                                                                              • Gall
                                                                                              • Garden
                                                                                              • Gate
                                                                                              • Generator
                                                                                              • Gift
                                                                                              • Glob
                                                                                              • HD Wallet
                                                                                              • Helm
                                                                                              • Hood
                                                                                              • Hoon
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                                                                                              • Iris
                                                                                              • Jael
                                                                                              • Jet
                                                                                              • Kelvin versioning
                                                                                              • Kernel
                                                                                              • Keyfile
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                                                                                              • Leg
                                                                                              • List
                                                                                              • Loobean
                                                                                              • Lull
                                                                                              • Mark
                                                                                              • Metals
                                                                                              • Mold
                                                                                              • Monad
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                                                                                              • Move
                                                                                              • Nock
                                                                                              • Noun
                                                                                              • ~
                                                                                              • OTA Updates
                                                                                              • Path Prefix
                                                                                              • Path
                                                                                              • @p
                                                                                              • Payload
                                                                                              • Peek
                                                                                              • pH
                                                                                              • Pier
                                                                                              • Pill
                                                                                              • Planet
                                                                                              • Poke
                                                                                              • Proxies
                                                                                              • Scry
                                                                                              • Replay
                                                                                              • Factory Reset
                                                                                              • Roller
                                                                                              • Naive rollups
                                                                                              • Rune
                                                                                              • Runtime
                                                                                              • Sail
                                                                                              • Sample
                                                                                              • Scry
                                                                                              • Senate
                                                                                              • Ship
                                                                                              • Slam
                                                                                              • Spider
                                                                                              • Sponsor
                                                                                              • Star
                                                                                              • String
                                                                                              • Subject Oriented Programming
                                                                                              • Subject
                                                                                              • Subscription
                                                                                              • Tape
                                                                                              • Thread
                                                                                              • Trap
                                                                                              • Udon
                                                                                              • Upgrade Proposal
                                                                                              • Userspace
                                                                                              • Vane
                                                                                              • Vase
                                                                                              • Vere
                                                                                              • Voting
                                                                                              • Warm atom
                                                                                              • Wet Gate
                                                                                              • Wing
                                                                                              • Wire
                                                                                              • Wrapper
                                                                                              • ~zod
                                                                                              • Zuse
                                                                                              • Additional

                                                                                                • Cryptography
                                                                                                • Mips (Maps of Maps)
                                                                                                • Software Distribution

                                                                                                  • Overview
                                                                                                  • Docket File
                                                                                                  • Glob
                                                                                                  • Docs App

                                                                                                    • Overview
                                                                                                    • File Format
                                                                                                    • Index File
                                                                                                    • Suggested Structure
                                                                                                  Reference/Hoon/Standard Library

                                                                                                  4m: Formatting Functions

                                                                                                  ++scot

                                                                                                  Render dime as cord

                                                                                                  Renders a dime mol as a cord.

                                                                                                  Accepts

                                                                                                  mol is a dime.

                                                                                                  Produces

                                                                                                  A cord.

                                                                                                  Source

                                                                                                  ++ scot
                                                                                                  ~/ %scot
                                                                                                  |=(mol=dime ~(rent co %$ mol))

                                                                                                  Examples

                                                                                                  > (scot %p ~pillyt)
                                                                                                  ~.~pillyt
                                                                                                  > `@t`(scot %p ~pillyt)
                                                                                                  '~pillyt'
                                                                                                  > `@t`(scot %ux 0x12)
                                                                                                  '0x12'
                                                                                                  > `@t`(scot %if .127.0.0.1)
                                                                                                  '.127.0.0.1'
                                                                                                  > `@t`(scot %ta ~.asd_a)
                                                                                                  '~.asd_a'

                                                                                                  ++scow

                                                                                                  Render dime as tape

                                                                                                  Renders a dime mol as a tape.

                                                                                                  Accepts

                                                                                                  mol is a dime.

                                                                                                  Produces

                                                                                                  A tape.

                                                                                                  Source

                                                                                                  ++ scow
                                                                                                  ~/ %scow
                                                                                                  |=(mol=dime ~(rend co %$ mol))

                                                                                                  Examples

                                                                                                  > (scow %p ~pillyt)
                                                                                                  "~pillyt"
                                                                                                  > (scow %ux 0x12)
                                                                                                  "0x12"
                                                                                                  > (scow %if .127.0.0.1)
                                                                                                  ".127.0.0.1"
                                                                                                  > (scow %ta ~.asd_a)
                                                                                                  "~.asd_a"

                                                                                                  ++slat

                                                                                                  Curried slaw

                                                                                                  Produces a gate that parses a knot txt to a unit containing the atom of the aura specified by mod. The unit will be null if parsing failed.

                                                                                                  Accepts

                                                                                                  mod is a knot.

                                                                                                  txt is a cord.

                                                                                                  Produces

                                                                                                  A (unit @).

                                                                                                  Source

                                                                                                  ++ slat |=(mod=@tas |=(txt=@ta (slaw mod txt)))

                                                                                                  Examples

                                                                                                  > `(unit @p)`((slat %p) '~pillyt')
                                                                                                  [~ ~pillyt]
                                                                                                  > `(unit @ux)`((slat %ux) '0x12')
                                                                                                  [~ 0x12]
                                                                                                  > `(unit @if)`((slat %if) '.127.0.0.1')
                                                                                                  [~ .127.0.0.1]
                                                                                                  > `(unit @ta)`((slat %ta) '~.asd_a')
                                                                                                  [~ ~.asd_a]

                                                                                                  ++slav

                                                                                                  Demand: parse cord with input aura

                                                                                                  Parses a cord txt to an atom of the aura specificed by mod. Crashes if it fails to parse.

                                                                                                  Accepts

                                                                                                  mod is a term

                                                                                                  txt is a knot.

                                                                                                  Produces

                                                                                                  an atom.

                                                                                                  Source

                                                                                                  ++ slav |=([mod=@tas txt=@ta] (need (slaw mod txt)))

                                                                                                  Examples

                                                                                                  > `@p`(slav %p '~pillyt')
                                                                                                  ~pillyt
                                                                                                  > `@p`(slav %p '~pillam')
                                                                                                  ! exit
                                                                                                  > `@ux`(slav %ux '0x12')
                                                                                                  0x12
                                                                                                  > `@ux`(slav %ux '0b10')
                                                                                                  ! exit
                                                                                                  > `@if`(slav %if '.127.0.0.1')
                                                                                                  .127.0.0.1
                                                                                                  > `@if`(slav %if '.fe80.0.0.202')
                                                                                                  ! exit
                                                                                                  > `@ta`(slav %ta '~.asd_a')
                                                                                                  ~.asd_a
                                                                                                  > `@ta`(slav %ta '~~asd-a')
                                                                                                  ! exit

                                                                                                  ++slaw

                                                                                                  Parse cord to input aura

                                                                                                  Parses a cord txt to a unit containing the atom of the aura specified by mod. The unit is null if parsing failed.

                                                                                                  Accepts

                                                                                                  mod is a term.

                                                                                                  txt is a knot.

                                                                                                  Produces

                                                                                                  A (unit @).

                                                                                                  Source

                                                                                                  ++ slaw
                                                                                                  ~/ %slaw
                                                                                                  |= [mod=@tas txt=@ta]
                                                                                                  ^- (unit @)
                                                                                                  ?+ mod
                                                                                                  :: slow fallback case to the full slay
                                                                                                  ::
                                                                                                  =+ con=(slay txt)
                                                                                                  ?.(&(?=([~ %$ @ @] con) =(p.p.u.con mod)) ~ [~ q.p.u.con])
                                                                                                  ::
                                                                                                  %da
                                                                                                  (rush txt ;~(pfix sig (cook year when:so)))
                                                                                                  ::
                                                                                                  %p
                                                                                                  (rush txt ;~(pfix sig fed:ag))
                                                                                                  ::
                                                                                                  %ud
                                                                                                  (rush txt dem:ag)
                                                                                                  ::
                                                                                                  %ux
                                                                                                  (rush txt ;~(pfix (jest '0x') hex:ag))
                                                                                                  ::
                                                                                                  %uv
                                                                                                  (rush txt ;~(pfix (jest '0v') viz:ag))
                                                                                                  ::
                                                                                                  %ta
                                                                                                  (rush txt ;~(pfix ;~(plug sig dot) urs:ab))
                                                                                                  ::
                                                                                                  %tas
                                                                                                  (rush txt sym)
                                                                                                  ==

                                                                                                  Examples

                                                                                                  > `(unit @p)`(slaw %p '~pillyt')
                                                                                                  [~ ~pillyt]
                                                                                                  > `(unit @p)`(slaw %p '~pillam')
                                                                                                  ~
                                                                                                  > `(unit @ux)`(slaw %ux '0x12')
                                                                                                  [~ 0x12]
                                                                                                  > `(unit @ux)`(slaw %ux '0b10')
                                                                                                  ~
                                                                                                  > `(unit @if)`(slaw %if '.127.0.0.1')
                                                                                                  [~ .127.0.0.1]
                                                                                                  > `(unit @if)`(slaw %if '.fe80.0.0.202')
                                                                                                  ~
                                                                                                  > `(unit @ta)`(slaw %ta '~.asd_a')
                                                                                                  [~ ~.asd_a]
                                                                                                  > `(unit @ta)`(slaw %ta '~~asd-a')
                                                                                                  ~

                                                                                                  ++slay

                                                                                                  Parse cord to coin

                                                                                                  Parses a cord txt to the unit of a coin.

                                                                                                  Accepts

                                                                                                  txt is a @ta.

                                                                                                  Produces

                                                                                                  A (unit coin).

                                                                                                  Source

                                                                                                  ++ slay
                                                                                                  |= txt=@ta ^- (unit coin)
                                                                                                  =+ ^= vex
                                                                                                  ?: (gth 0x7fff.ffff txt) :: XX petty cache
                                                                                                  ~+ ((full nuck:so) [[1 1] (trip txt)])
                                                                                                  ((full nuck:so) [[1 1] (trip txt)])
                                                                                                  ?~ q.vex
                                                                                                  ~
                                                                                                  [~ p.u.q.vex]

                                                                                                  Examples

                                                                                                  > (slay '~pillyt')
                                                                                                  [~ [%$ p=[p=~.p q=13.184]]]
                                                                                                  > (slay '0x12')
                                                                                                  [~ [%$ p=[p=~.ux q=18]]]
                                                                                                  > (slay '.127.0.0.1')
                                                                                                  [~ [%$ p=[p=~.if q=2.130.706.433]]]
                                                                                                  > (slay '!')
                                                                                                  ~

                                                                                                  ++smyt

                                                                                                  Render path as tank

                                                                                                  Renders the path bon as a tank, which is used for pretty-printing.

                                                                                                  Accepts

                                                                                                  bon is a path.

                                                                                                  Produces

                                                                                                  A tank.

                                                                                                  Source

                                                                                                  ++ smyt
                                                                                                  |= bon=path ^- tank
                                                                                                  :+ %rose [['/' ~] ['/' ~] ~]
                                                                                                  (turn bon |=(a=@ [%leaf (trip a)]))

                                                                                                  Examples

                                                                                                  > (smyt %)
                                                                                                  [ %rose
                                                                                                  p=[p="/" q="/" r=""]
                                                                                                  q
                                                                                                  ~[
                                                                                                  [%leaf p="~zod"]
                                                                                                  [%leaf p="base"]
                                                                                                  [%leaf p="~2022.1.6..14.22.14..40bf"]
                                                                                                  ]
                                                                                                  ]
                                                                                                  > (smyt /as/les/top)
                                                                                                  [ %rose
                                                                                                  p=[p="/" q="/" r=""]
                                                                                                  q=~[[%leaf p="as"] [%leaf p="les"] [%leaf p="top"]]
                                                                                                  ]

                                                                                                  ++spat

                                                                                                  Render path as cord

                                                                                                  Renders a path pax as cord.

                                                                                                  Accepts

                                                                                                  pax is a path.

                                                                                                  Produces

                                                                                                  A cord.

                                                                                                  Source

                                                                                                  ++ spat |=(pax=path (crip (spud pax)))

                                                                                                  Examples

                                                                                                  > (spat %)
                                                                                                  '/~zod/base/~2022.1.6..14.23.31..e367'
                                                                                                  > (spat %/lib)
                                                                                                  '/~zod/base/~2022.1.6..14.23.43..829e/lib'
                                                                                                  > (spat /as/les/top)
                                                                                                  '/as/les/top'

                                                                                                  ++spud

                                                                                                  Render path as tape

                                                                                                  Renders a path pax as tape.

                                                                                                  Accepts

                                                                                                  pax is a path.

                                                                                                  Produces

                                                                                                  A tape.

                                                                                                  Source

                                                                                                  ++ spud |=(pax=path ~(ram re (smyt pax)))

                                                                                                  Examples

                                                                                                  > (spud %)
                                                                                                  "/~zod/base/~2022.1.6..14.24.35..cddf"
                                                                                                  > (spud %/lib)
                                                                                                  "/~zod/base/~2022.1.6..14.24.43..3efb/lib"
                                                                                                  > (spud /as/les/top)
                                                                                                  "/as/les/top"

                                                                                                  ++stab

                                                                                                  Parse cord to path

                                                                                                  Parses a cord zep to a static path. Crashes if it fails to parse.

                                                                                                  Accepts

                                                                                                  zep is a @t.

                                                                                                  Produces

                                                                                                  A path, or crash.

                                                                                                  Source

                                                                                                  ++ stab |=(zep=@t `path`(rash zep stap))

                                                                                                  Examples

                                                                                                  > (stab '/as/lek/tor')
                                                                                                  /as/lek/tor

                                                                                                  ++stap

                                                                                                  Path parser

                                                                                                  Parsing rule. Parses a path, used internally by ++stab.

                                                                                                  Source

                                                                                                  ++ stap
                                                                                                  %+ sear
                                                                                                  |= p=path
                                                                                                  ^- (unit path)
                                                                                                  ?: ?=([~ ~] p) `~
                                                                                                  ?. =(~ (rear p)) `p
                                                                                                  ~
                                                                                                  ;~(pfix fas (most fas urs:ab))

                                                                                                  Examples

                                                                                                  > (scan "/foo/bar/baz" stap)
                                                                                                  /foo/bar/baz

                                                                                                  <-

                                                                                                  4l: Atom Parsing

                                                                                                  4n: Virtualization

                                                                                                  ->

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                                                                                                  Last modified August 30, 2023